Ключові слова
аналіз розчинених у маслі газів
розпізнавання дефектів, що розвиваються
відмова від розпізнавання
помилковий діагноз
часткові розряди
іскрові розряди
розряди з високою щільністю енергії
локальні перегрівання
комбіновані дефекти
області діагнозів
відношення газів
відсотковий вміст газів
Як цитувати
Анотація
У статті наведені результати аналізу основних проблем, що виникають при розпізнаванні типу дефекту в маслонаповненому обладнанні електричних мереж за результатами аналізу розчинених у маслі газів. На прикладі інтерпретації реальних результатів аналізу розчинених у маслі газів проаналізовано основні проблеми, що виникають під час розпізнавання часткових розрядів, іскрових розрядів, розрядів з низькою та високою щільністю енергії, локальних перегрівань та комбінованих дефектів із застосуванням графічного методу зі стандарту IEC 60599, квадрата ЕТRА та трикутника Дюваля. У процесі виконання аналізу виявлені наявні істотні розбіжності у нормах і критеріях, що регламентуються різними стандартами і методиками щодо інтерпретації результатів аналізу розчинених у маслі газів, для розпізнавання одного і того ж дефекту. За результатами досліджень встановлено, що практично для всіх аналізованих дефектів відмови від розпізнавання зумовлені відсутністю нормованих значень діагностичних критеріїв (значень відношень газів, відсоткового вмісту газів і відношень концентрацій газів до газу з максимальним вмістом) для деяких дефектів або комбінацій декількох дефектів. Постановка помилкових діагнозів під час розпізнавання типу дефектів маслонаповненого устаткування за результатами аналізу розчинених у маслі газів зумовлена не врахуванням значень окремих відношень газів або відсоткового вмісту окремих газів. У процесі аналізу виявлено суперечності в поставлених діагнозах, які виникають у разі використання різних діагностичних критеріїв (відношень характерних газів і відсоткового вмісту газів) стосовно одних і тих самих результатів аналізу розчинених у маслі газів. Забезпечення достовірного розпізнавання типу дефекту маслонаповненого устаткування за результатами аналізу розчинених у маслі газів можливе завдяки комплексному підходу, що включає не тільки аналіз значень відношень газів, а й аналіз відсоткового вмісту газів і номограм дефектів. Крім того принципово важливим є врахування фізико-хімічних закономірностей газоутворення в маслі, зокрема залежності газовмісту залежно від температури/енергії дефектів.
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